Sunday, March 11, 2012

On 1 year after the quake

Today is just 1 year after the Great East Japan Earthquake.

In last autumn, one of my friend Sandra Katzman collaborated with me and wrote a brief article in dialogue about our experiences after the quake.
Today, I would like to post the article in memoriam of the quake.

Thank you, Sandra.


Brief bios:

Sandra Katzman, a U.S. citizen living in Japan since 1996, reports for Platts energy industry news and has written for Reuters Health and for various American Chemical Society journals.  

Yoshiko Miwa, a Japanese national, is a doctoral candidate at University of Tsukuba, majoring in the computational simulation of semiconductor nanoprocess. Miwa is a Journalist in Residence of the Mathematical Society of Japan. She has collaborated on books such as A first guide of hardware for software engineers (published by Gijyutsuhyouronsya) and reports for online engineering magazines.
Email miwa@miwachan.info


3.11--Japan’s 9.11
by Sandra Katzman and Miwa Yoshiko

“Cities of death” and “credible threats” describe persistent disaster in Japan and in the United States.  The trade minister lost his job for saying the first; U.S. security forces gained respect for announcing the second.  At this month’s anniversaries of unkind explosions, Japan lures foreign tourists with sales, and the President says the U.S. is stronger.    It’s business as usual.

A Japanese graduate science student who is also a science/technical writer and an American science writer talk about living in Japan after the meltdown in March at Fukushima nuclear power plant.  Although each lives with compromised health --the former has been motion impaired since 2004 in a wheelchair due to unknown causes, and the latter has terminal lung cancer—both are upbeat yet skeptical about safety in newly radioactive Japan.

Sandra: I saw on your blog a photo of a bakery in Tokyo selling bread with some purported anti-radiation effect. Can you tell me about that bakery?

Yoshiko: On September 12, I visited the bakery again, and it had closed. The bakery had been under a court-guided rehabilitation process for companies that failed in business, but did not revive and is now awaiting bankruptcy proceedings.

I think the bakery unsuccessfully tried to profit from the Fukushima nuke power plant accidents. And I’m angry that the bakery used the victim of the quake for promotion. It employed a baker who had been a bakery owner at Fukushima before the quake and now that baker lost his job again.

Sandra: My cousin, an American boy, married a Japanese.  The girl's father is a gynecologist, and not worried about his grandchild due in May in Tokyo.

Yoshiko: I think the young couple chose well. Slight radioactive pollution of air and water may not damage newborns. Tokyoites can buy unpolluted food and water, and superior employment eases education of children. Wherever we live in Japan, we are not safe from a little radioactive pollution. So it is wise to hold the freedom of choice and take a little risk. Are you well informed about disasters? The media in Japan are not informative enough. We depend on CNN, BBC, and Al Jazeera.

Sandra: I can read Japanese English-language media: The Japan Times, and English translations of the other newspapers.   I also subscribe to websites such as news from the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and from the federation of trade unions, Keidanren.

Yoshiko: I have been a member of LinuxChix (the world’s largest female Linux user group) for twelve years. I heard about friends of members in Tokyo who couldn’t get information about daily life, like when the electric power cut would occur, or where water could be bought. So I notified the group about radio broadcasts for foreigners and provided my cell number.  It was very odd:  People living in Tokyo got help from their friends in the U.S., and the people in the U.S. asked me to help the people in Tokyo. The Japanese government and neighbors were not effective.

Sandra: A few weeks after the disaster, U.S. national newspapers stopped carrying daily coverage about Fukushima; but the Japanese dailies kept running stories.

Yoshiko:  I didn't know that. I thought U.S. national newspapers covered Fukushima and its problems thoroughly.

Sandra:  I worried about information lack when a U.S. friend told me about the claims of anti-nuclear activist Helen Caldicott, M.D. that the Japanese government was hiding information, and that the situation was much more dangerous than the Japanese government and other official sources let on.  So-called “low-level” radiation, Caldicott warned, causes “medical problems of very large dimensions.”

Yoshiko: Familiar with government attitudes, we Japanese guess the truth through very uncertain information.  Some Japanese are sponsoring independent journalists.

Sandra: I was on spring vacation skiing in California with my brother and my cousin. Email alerted “EQ Tokyo.”  I was reminded of the 9.11email, “terror.”   Skiing was very good on March 11.  Fun on frozen water was the opposite of the terror of a seismic wave.  My cousin’s son sent photos of the newlyweds smiling and swaying in hardhats on the 30th floor of a Tokyo office building.

Yoshiko: On 3.11, I was going to file my taxes when the quake occurred. I told my cats, “Calm down, calm down!" By Internet, I learned about the disaster. I joined the housewives talking in the street. They were worrying about their husbands and children who were working or studying in the heart of Tokyo.  I called my aunt in a faraway place to tell that I was OK. By phone, I ordered rice and water before the buyout started.  In the evening, I heard that the Fukushima nuke power plant had exploded. I joined the project "Payforwarding" where engineers developed applications to help disaster victims.   My role was a document engineer.

Sandra:  A friend from the U.S. will visit Kyoto. She changed plans last April, not wanting to celebrate cherry blossoms when Japan mourned.  Now she thinks meat and fish are dangerous.

Yoshiko: I thank your friend for her kind attention to us Japanese. The maple leaves will beautiful in October and November, and delicious autumn fishes around Japan can be eaten without danger. We consumers are nervous about food radiation, and distributors are more nervous. Eat only commercially distributed products.

Sandra: A Japanese friend believes konbu, or kelp, will help prevent bad effects from radioactivity.

Yoshiko: Konbu contains a lot of iodine, but how the human body will absorb it is not certain.  Take iodine under a doctor’s supervision to prevent uptake of radioactive iodine. I'm afraid that the konbu itself may be radioactively polluted after 3.11.  And now, the problem is cesium 137 rather than iodine. Konbu may not be effective for cesium.

Sandra:  Before flying back to Japan, I sought advice.  “There is no reason to postpone your return to Japan,” my oncologist told me.   “There is no influence in west Japan for the present. The nuclear power plant in Fukushima is far from Kyoto, and the leaking radiation level is still low.” Tokyo is 150 miles from Fukushima; Kyoto is about 324 miles from Fukushima.

Yoshiko: I think your doctor made good suggestion. Wherever we live, we are not safe from various threats like terror, accident and natural disaster. So we have to deal with threats, not escape.

Monday, February 27, 2012

Crisis in measures for persons with disability in Japan 日本の障害者政策が危機に

1. Problems about Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities Act (enforced 2007)


This act requires people with disabilities to pay for welfare service in principle.
Many disabled people and their family are in poverty (or on welfare) because of lack of welfare for the disabled. A statistics says that annual salary of working disabled in Japan is about 1.6 million Yen (about 1/2 of all working Japanese). 
This act demands payment to live such poverty people. After the enfocement of this act, some family with disabled commited or attempted joint suicide.


障害者自立支援法(2007年施行)の問題点

介護サービス等の応益負担が原則。
日本の障害者・障害者家族は、貧弱な障害者施策により、貧困であったり生活保護を受けていたりすることが多い。ある統計によれば、職業を持つ障害者の平均年収は約160万円である(日本全体の有職者の平均年収は約350万円)。
応益負担とは、貧困かつ生きるために介護を必要とする障害者から、その介護の費用を徴収するということである。
「生きていけない」と悲観した障害者家族が、障害者を道連れに自殺・自殺未遂した例が数件ある。

2.Constitutional complaint on Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities Act


Some disabled and lawyers submitted constitutional complaint on Oct.2008 with Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities Act which would drive disabled couldn't live. Their argument were that Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities Act was against constitution declaring the right to life. They reached the  settlement  in Apr. 2010.

障害者自立支援法訴訟

障害者の自立を支援するのではなく、障害者を生きてゆけなくする障害者自立支援法に対し、憲法の生存権保障に違反しているという視点から、2008年10月、障害者たち・支援する弁護士たちが違憲訴訟を開始した。2010年4月、和解成立。

.The Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) and public promise to repeal Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities Act


In Sep. 2009, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) voted into power. At that time, DPJ made public promise to repeal Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities Act.

民主党政権成立と障害者自立支援法廃止公約

2009年9月、民主党政権が成立した。この時、民主党は障害者自立支援法の廃止を公約していた。

4. Reviews to the new act for disabled people


After DPJ voted into power, Health, Labour and Welfare Ministry called a task force to discuss new act for disabled people. The member of the task force were disabled people, care workers, and people concerning with the welfare of disabled people. They had 18 meeting from Apr. 2010 to Aug. 2011, discussed about the new act and made recommendation. 

障がい者総合福祉法の制定を目指した検討

民主党政権成立を受け、厚生労働相は「障がい者制度改革推進会議 総合福祉部会」を設けた。メンバーは障がい者・ケア労働者など、障がい者福祉にかかわる幅広い分野から集められていた。総合福祉部会は、障害者自立支援法に代わる新法「障がい者総合福祉法」の制定のため、2010年4月から2011年8月にかけて18回の会合をもち、提言を取りまとめた。

5.Draft law from Health, Labour and Welfare Ministry


In Jan. 2012, Health, Labour and Welfare Ministry introduced into the Diet a new draft law about disabled. The draft was minor changed Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities Act.

厚生労働省案の国会提出

2012年1月、厚生労働省による障害者新法案が国会に提出されることとなった。この新法案は、障害者自立支援法のマイナーチェンジである。

6.Action of DPJ


Most of assembly member in DPJ are agreeing with the new draft law. At 27 Feb. 2012, few in DPJ are resisting the draft, so the law are not enacting now.

民主党の対応

民主党議員の多くは、厚生労働省による障害者新法案を成立させることに概ね同意している。2012年2月27日現在、一部議員が必死の抵抗を続けているため、障害者新法案はまだ成立していない。

7.Reaction of mass media


Mass media are saying that the new draft law by Health, Labour and Welfare Ministry will enact. Some media (including NHK) are criticizing DPJ and the ministry.

大手メディアの反応

大手メディア報道は概ね、厚生労働省による障害者新法案の成立を規定路線としている。NHKを含む一部メディアが、厚生労働省と民主党を批判する報道を展開している。

8. To ratify interregional expert group meeting on elaborating a disability convention of the UN


Japan have not ratified interregional expert group meeting on elaborating a disability convention of the UN. The recommendation from the task force will be the condition to ratification.

国連障害者権利条約批准との関連

国連障害者権利条約を、日本はまだ批准していない。障がい者総合福祉法の成立は、批准の前提条件でもある。

9. After new act by Health, Labour and Welfare Ministry will react


Disabled peoople in Japan will be in harsh condition with insufficient protection of human rights to live and right to work that equal to other people in Japan.

厚生労働省の障害者新法案が成立したらどうなるか

充分に生存・勤労などの人権を保障されていない日本の障害者が、将来にわたり、現在の劣悪な状況から脱することができなくなる。

Monday, December 5, 2011

We may change the future - 35 year effort of AAAS to promote for disabled people's participation into Science and Technology

In Oct. 2011, one of my articles about AAAS's short history about supporting students and scientists with disabilities appeared in a Japanese magazine "Kagaku(=Science)" of Iwanami Bookstore.
For convenience of English speaking people, I translated the article into English.

I'd like to thank Ms. Virginia Stern and AAAS .
Virginia, thank you for your patience for my bad and insufficient English. And I'm very happy that I could introduce your precious witness of age to the readers of "Kagaku" with cultural accomplishment and interest in science.





 We may change the future - 35 year effort of AAAS to promote for disabled people's participation into Science and Technology
                                    Yoshiko Miwa


AAAS is an American organization, but influencing for the world's progression on science and technology not only for inside the US.  It's activities are very broad, from science and technology to education, politics, and all about human society. AAAS have been working passionately for students and scientists with disabilities to make them to participate into social activities.  When we open their magazine "Science", always we can find a advertisement about "ENTRY POINT!" at a prominent position. "ENTRY POINT!" is an internship program by AAAS for students with disabilities, and it have been provided since 1996.
In 1990, a law named ADA 1990 ( Americans with Disabilities Act 1990) was enacted, and it made the US accessible. In any case, the accesibility in the US has not so long history. So, I had been interested in the actions of AAAS for disabilities, because I myself am mentally and physically disabled on wheelchair. In February 2011,I participated in the AAAS annual meeting at Washington DC, and get the cooperation of AAAS and Virginia Stern, who had been directing the AAAS's actions for disabilities. Now, Stern retired AAAS and suporting elder people in her residence and making them easier to live in their hometown and community that they have been living for long time.

  • "AAAS will change"
It is very important to attend academic conferences and meetings for young people who are desiring to build their professional career. But to disabled people, there were many barriers before attending. They might have no access to the place, no hotels to stay, or might be able to participate inefficiently because there's no access for information on Braille or sign language.
Since 1976, AAAS started an activity to make accesible hotels on every year's annual meeting. According to document of AAAS, William D. Caray, who was on responsible position in AAAS, decided "AAAS will change". The annual meetings have been held in different cities. Every year, It had been expected that cities with accessible hotels and that could hold conference of 5,000 people would be increased one by one, if AAAS could make a hotel accesible every year in the city the annual meeting would be held.
Stern told about that period:
"Development of laws about disabilities had been progressing little by little, but for hotels, there were nothing. So we had no doubt that we could change the society. Once a hotel was changed to be accesible and we held annual meeting with 5,000 participants there, the hotel would be able to expand their business."
At first, it was not easy to make hotels accesible. Stern faced to many difficulties. Sometimes it needs very tough negotiation. Once, She got there only 5 days before the annual meeting and had to charge of renovation with workmen that concerning with making some bedrooms, bathrooms, and  ballrooms in which the conference would be held accesible.
In some years later, Some hotels had emerged that motivated to renovate their hotel buildings accesible. They learned from actions by AAAS that if they did that they would be get great benefit.


  • How they could change universities?
Change senior people and the top Change senior people and the top After that, Stern and her colleage started to work the universities accessible. Some universities had already started supporting for students with disabilities, for example, Vietnam War veteran disabled students. But it was so far from the situation that disabled students would study and research without difficulties. The problems were old and beautiful buildings in colleges and universities which are built in 19th or early 20th century. It was too difficult to renovate whole of such buildings with many stairs accessible. So, they recommended the universities to relocate laboratories on the first floor from above floors.
Relocation were very heavy load for laboratories, and autonomy of universities were very important, so universities were beyond control of laws for disabilities. But most of the universities accommodated the recommendation and relocated the laboratories to the first floor.
As a result, many disabled students became able to got higher education. The second task was to provide them opportunities to employment and career formation. So Stern started "ENTRY POINT!" program with colleage, and many students started a first step of their careers.
In the AAAS annual meeting, many meetings about various issues are held. When I attended the meetings about students and scientists with disabilities, they were discussing about how to make more disabled into science and technology field and motivate them to progress their career. Someone said that "It became easy to start carrier for disabled, but it is still difficult to make their career advanced. We must make the role model "stars" and show their success stories of disabled. Everyone likes success stories." I heard that and thought "Oh yeah, the US is the country of Hollywood movies." And I asked the situations of disabled in Japan. I told the fact in Japan with embarassment. In Japan, supporting for disabled university students is quite not enough. If they can graduate from universities, to find job is very difficult, very few of them can progress their career.
  • And the laws were developed
 In the meantime, laws about disabilities had been developed little by little. In 1975, "The Education for All Handicapped Children Act" was enacted, which guaranteed opportunities to elementary and secondary education for all children including children with disabilities. According to Stern, "Child Find" program was conducted in that period. Parents of children with disabilities had been rising up the children inside their home, and they didn't think that the children could attend schools. So educational officials visited the homes and told them "The school is open for your children" or "You can attend the school".
The opportunities for children with disabilities to attend college or universities was expanded by the struggle of AAAS.
After that, highly educated people with disabilities wanted to get job and form career, the physical barrier like stairs was a social barrier for them. So, in 1990, the ADA 1990 specified to make accessible buildings, transportation, information and so on.
The US did not made accessible on compulsion of laws, but consistent effort of many pioneers changed the society accessible partially, and people who experienced the change made change of society and law.
Stern told me about how to change society which resist change:
"It is most important to make people experienced the change. Once they experienced the change, they change theirselve because they think they must change."

  • Change seniors and the top

I asked Stern at the end of the interview that "What must we Japanese have to do at first to change the current situation about disabled in Japan?". It is a very long and difficult way to rise up a disabled child and about all of that are very heavy burden for the parents. For example, there is no official assistance for children with disabilities to commute to school, so it depends only on parents whether the child can be educated or not(in these several years, it is getting better for the parents. Some local goverment are independently providing the assistance). As a result, many children with disabilities are less educated, and hard to get job. The difficulties with rising up children with disabilities stress their parents, so the children are prone to abuse or neglect, and they will be shut away from work and social participation(Note for foreign people: Most of them, the disabled people without education become repeated offences, because they want to protected from society in jailhouses).
Stern said,
"It seems very structural problems, isn't it? To make change for such problem, it is very important to change seniors of tops who can make dicision to change, and change the political situation."
It is relatively easy to change ourselves, but to change others is very difficult. I think it is almost impossible to change seniors or tops. But if it is necessary to make change to situations around disabled, we should do it.
There is an actual example of AAAS.





Wednesday, September 14, 2011

Let's drink and enjoy to save 3.11 quake victims

Yesterday I attended a meeting of science journalists and studied about nuclear power plant problem.
After the meeting ended up, we went to a drinking spot "Okada".
http://r.tabelog.com/tokyo/A1301/A130103/13063781/

Vegetable salad and baked chicken livers.
This drinking spot bakes meat and fish on charcoal grill. They are very delicious.


Baked eggplant.


Yakitori, fried pasta and Japanese sake "Dai-shichi" from Fukushima prefecture. 


I'm considering that to consume products from damaged area by 3.11 large quake, tsunamis, and the nuclear plant problem makes the people in the area receive the payments for the product and their business. This will be most long-lasting "volunteer", I think.

Of course, "Dai-shichi" were very delicious. I selected the sake because I know they are producing excellent sake, not only they are in Fukushima prefecture. And the sake is not radioactively polluted because they are produced before 3.11.
But we, Japanese sake lover most consider about what makes that they will be able to produce their products this year and in future, because producing good sake depends on the climate and conditions at the place. Fine Sake is agricultural product, not industrial.

Tuesday, August 23, 2011

About the author

I'm a freelance sci/tech writer and very bad doctoral student studying semiconductor nano processes.

-Books

I had written 3 books, and I describe about 1 book which is in print now.

"ABC of computer hardware for embedded software engineers"
(組込みソフトウェアエンジニアのためのハードウェア入門)

This book is written by 3 authors including me. We described about hardware construction, handling and treating of equipments, curcuit design on FPGA, measurement, how to use oscilloscope.
After 3.11 quake, I released free a part of this book about measurement "Can you be proud of that you are familiar to measurement equipments ?" for people who are anxious about radiation from Fukushima nuc plants.


"Linux 2.6 for Enterprise systems" (2005)

"How to construct a secure internet server on RedHat 8" (2003)

-Articles
I had written a lot of magazine artilcles.
From recently work, I will show some of them on the web.

"Cats may understand this the simplest ABC to be a microcomputer engineer" (in Japanese)

Part 1: A first electronic circuit
Part 2: A first assembler
Part 3: A first mechatronics


The below are written about the supportive engineers after the quake(in Japanese).

"Let's support the North Japan area damaged by the quake, on cloud
computing and Android"


"Let's think about what we can do just now, considering the difference of the damaged area and not damaged area"

"Although we finished some applications that support the damaged people, many propositions are remaining"

Monday, August 22, 2011

Spiritual strength will overcome radioactivity?

Several days ago, I found posters by volunteer probation officers near from Nakano station, Nakano, Tokyo.


Top: "Movement to create a bright society"
Right; "We agree to society where everyone can start over"


Left: "Don't be scared by quakes, tsunamis and the danger of radioactivity, make this Japanese society bright"


I think it is impossible for human to survive against radioactivities even if we are spiritually very strong.

Saturday, August 20, 2011

Scared, escaped and adjusted

These are pictures at meat corners of a supermarket in Suginami, Tokyo, Jul.20, 2011.
Good domestic beef meet sold at the half of usual prices.





In Jul.09, it was broadcasted that radioactive cecium was detected from beaf meat produced in Fukushima prefecture. And in Jul.14, radioactive cecium wes detected from beef meet produced in wide area of Japan. Because radioactive polluted rice straw was diffused to about all areas of Japan, so beefs which ate them were polluted. People in Japan became to hate to buy and eat beef meat. So the supermarket forced to cut down the price of beef meet.
In Jul.23, I saw very few amount of beef meats. I couldn't take the picture, but racks of beef meats were empty. It seemed so cold.

And now, most of supermarkets are selling beef meat as useal. Looking closer, we can find the beaf meat corners are scale-downed, so it seems not empty. The supermarkets are saying all of meats were surveyed and they are not radioactive polluted. We have to believe that, because we, ordinary Japanese have no way to test that the meats are radioactively polluted or not.
Japanese eat not so large amount of beaf meat, and we were not so threaten by radioactive polluted beaf meat which were found early July. Now we are considering that there are no safe beef meet in Japan, and have adjusted ourselves to slightly radioactive polluted foods.